Quick Answer: To clean pool filter systems, first identify your filter type (cartridge, sand, or DE), then follow the specific cleaning method for that system. Cartridge filters need removal and hosing down, sand filters require backwashing, and DE filters need grid cleaning and fresh diatomaceous earth. Cartridge filters should be cleaned when the pressure gauge reads 10-15 psi above normal operating pressure, whereas sand and DE filters need cleaning when the pressure reads 8-10 psi above normal.
The cleaning process varies depending on your filtration system, but the goal remains the same: removing debris and buildup that blocks proper water flow. In this guide, you’ll learn step-by-step procedures for each filter type, when to clean versus replace components, and professional tips to keep your pool water sparkling clean year-round.
Understanding Your Pool Filter Type
Before diving into the cleaning process, you need to identify which type of filter system your swimming pool uses. Each requires different maintenance approaches and schedules.
Cartridge Pool Filter
The most popular choice for residential pools, cartridge filters use replaceable filter cartridges housed in a cylindrical filter housing. You’ll recognize this system by the removable pleated cartridges that look like oversized car air filters. These systems don’t require backwashing and are relatively easy to maintain, making them perfect for busy pool owners.
Most pool cartridge filter systems need cleaning every 2-4 weeks, depending on pool usage and environmental factors. Cartridge filters typically last 2-5 years, depending on usage and maintenance.
Sand Pool Filter
Sand filters use a bed of specially graded sand to trap debris and particles. Water flows down through the sand, which catches contaminants before clean water returns to your pool. These systems require regular backwashing when the pressure gauge indicates buildup, plus occasional deep cleaning.
A sand pool filter can operate for 5-7 years before the sand needs replacement. Between sand changes, regular backwashing keeps the system running efficiently.
DE Filter (Diatomaceous Earth)
DE filters provide the finest filtration, capable of removing particles as small as 2-5 microns. These systems use filter grids coated with diatomaceous earth (d.e.), a natural powder made from fossilized organisms.
While they offer superior water clarity, de filters require more hands-on maintenance. After every backwash or cleaning, you must replenish the diatomaceous earth powder to maintain effective filtration.
Step-by-Step Cartridge Filter Cleaning
Cleaning a cartridge filter is straightforward, but doing it properly ensures maximum filter life and optimal pool system performance.
Preparation and Safety
- Turn off your pool pump and allow the system to depressurize
- Gather your supplies: garden hose with spray nozzle, filter cleaner or cleaning solution, and safety equipment if using muriatic acid
- Locate the filter housing and prepare your work area
Removal Process
Start by carefully opening the filter housing. Some systems have a drain plug at the bottom, remove this first to drain excess water. Lift out the dirty filter cartridge, taking note of its position for proper reinstallation.
Inspect the cartridge for obvious damage like tears, crushed pleats, or excessive wear. A damaged filter cartridge should be replaced rather than cleaned.
Cleaning Methods
Basic Rinse Method:
- Use your garden hose with a spray nozzle to rinse between the pleats
- Work systematically from top to bottom
- Rotate the cartridge as you spray to reach all surfaces
- Continue until the water runs clear
Deep Cleaning for Stubborn Dirt:
When basic rinsing isn’t enough, especially for mineral deposits or oily buildup, try these methods:
- Soak the cartridge in a commercial filter cleaner overnight
- For tough mineral buildup, use a commercial filter cleaner designed for cartridges. Muriatic acid can be used, but it must be diluted carefully and used with caution
- Rinse thoroughly multiple times after chemical treatment
- Allow the cartridge to dry completely before reinstalling
Reinstallation
Place the clean filter cartridge back in the filter housing, ensuring it’s properly seated. Replace any O-rings or seals as needed, then close the housing securely. Restart your pool pump and monitor the pressure gauge. It should read near the normal operating level for a clean filter.
Sand and DE Filter Cleaning Procedures
While cartridge filters get most of the attention, sand and DE systems need regular cleaning to maintain proper water flow and filtration quality.
Sand Filter Maintenance
Regular Backwashing:
Sand filters rely on backwashing to remove trapped debris. When your filter pressure rises 8-10 psi above normal operating pressure, it’s time to backwash.
- Turn off the pool pump
- Connect your backwash hose and direct it to an appropriate drainage area
- Turn the multiport valve to “Backwash”
- Run the pump until water runs clear (usually 2-3 minutes)
- Switch to “Rinse” and run for 30 seconds
- Return to “Filter” and resume normal operation
Deep Cleaning:
Every few months, your sand filter benefits from chemical cleaning to remove oils and fine particles that backwashing can’t eliminate. Use a sand filter cleaner according to manufacturer’s instructions, followed by thorough backwashing.
DE Filter Cleaning
DE filters require more detailed maintenance but reward you with the cleanest possible water.
Backwashing Process:
- Backwash to remove old d.e. and debris
- After backwashing, remove the filter housing top to access the filter grids.
- Carefully lift out the grid assembly
- Hose down each grid thoroughly, paying attention to fabric tears
Adding Fresh DE Powder: After cleaning and reassembling, add fresh diatomaceous earth through the skimmer while the pump runs. Use approximately 1 pound per 10 square feet of filter area. The de powder will coat the grids, creating the filtration medium.
Why Professional Filter Cleaning is Worth the Investment
While DIY filter cleaning is certainly possible, there’s a compelling case for professional maintenance that goes beyond simple convenience.
The Reality of DIY Maintenance
DIY filter cleaning can take 2-4 hours depending on the type of filter. For DE filters, this process can be more time-consuming due to the need to handle and replace diatomaceous earth. There’s also the risk of damaging expensive components, a replacement filter housing can cost several hundred dollars. Chemical handling, particularly muriatic acid, poses safety risks that many homeowners prefer to avoid.
Perhaps most importantly, inconsistent cleaning leads to persistent cloudy water and reduced filter life, ultimately costing more than professional service.
What Professional Service Provides
Professional filter cleaning delivers thorough results that extend equipment life and maintain crystal-clear pool water. Trained technicians spot early warning signs of system problems, preventing costly repairs down the road. They also handle all chemical disposal safely and responsibly.
Most importantly, professional service frees up your time to actually enjoy your swimming pool instead of maintaining it.
Why Net Positive Pools is Your Best Choice
Since 2018, Net Positive Pools has built a reputation for reliable, comprehensive pool maintenance across multiple states. Our team receives direct manufacturer support, ensuring we understand every type of filter system. We don’t just clean filters, we optimize your entire pool system for peak performance.
Complete Service Package: Our weekly maintenance includes regular filter cleaning as part of a comprehensive approach to pool care. We use professional-grade cleaning solutions and equipment that aren’t available to homeowners. When filter replacement becomes necessary, we provide honest recommendations based on actual condition, not sales quotas.
With locations spanning North Carolina, South Carolina, and North Georgia, we’re never far from your pool. Our franchise model ensures consistent, quality service whether you’re in Statesville, NC, Alpharetta, GA, Charleston, SC, or any of our other locations.
Our name reflects our commitment to adding value to your pool ownership experience. Beyond filter cleaning, we offer acid wash services, leak detection, liner installation, safety covers, emergency green to clean treatments, and more. We’re truly your one-stop shop for all pool maintenance needs.
Ready to spend more time swimming and less time cleaning? Contact Net Positive Pools today to learn how our professional filter cleaning and comprehensive pool maintenance services can transform your pool ownership experience into the relaxing retreat you deserve.
